IGCSE Algorithms and Pseudocode Foundations for G8 Practice Exam

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• What is the technique called when the operating system uses disk space as an extension of RAM?
• Which term describes inputs to procedures or functions?
• Which term describes checks before repeating a loop?
• Which term is a picture diagram showing steps with shapes and arrows?
• Which term refers to smaller parts that make up a larger system?
• Which term is used to denote the column in a database table that uniquely identifies each row?
• Which term is used for diagrams showing how parts connect?
• What term describes the technique of sending data across a network in parts via different routes?
• Which term describes the process of reducing file size without data loss?
• Which action opens a file to begin I/O operations?
• Which term is used for moving bits in a binary number to achieve arithmetic or logical shifts?
• Which measure counts the number of characters in a string?
• Which term describes choosing different paths based on conditions?
• Which term is described by the phrase 'Automatic repeat query'?
• Which loop repeats while the condition remains true?
• Which device would you use to physically move or control a mechanism in a system?
• Which term refers to clear names for variables?
• Which term describes the operations the program performs to transform inputs into results?
• Which term runs code line by line?
• Which term describes the use of and, or, and not in conditional expressions?
• Which term describes doing steps one after another in a program?
• Which device forwards data between different networks?
• Which concept encompasses the programmatic management of files, including opening, reading, writing, and closing?
• Which term describes drawings showing how parts connect?
• Which term describes the process of verifying that a program runs as intended?
• In data validation, which description best captures a format check?
• Which statement executes a block only when a condition is true?
• Which term describes wrong values used to test errors?
• Which term describes an organized collection of data that can include multiple tables?
• What is the purpose of verification checks?
• Which term means names for data that changes in a program?
• Which term is used for values that can be either true or false?
• Which statement best describes a presence check?
• Which gate outputs true if at least one input is true?
• Which term uses simple text instructions resembling code but not executable?
• Which term describes a program that is easy to fix and change?
• Which term is described as 'sum to check data'?
• Which term denotes a hardware component that translates physical measurements into electrical signals?
• Which term describes the number of pixels per inch in images?
• What are the values passed into a function or procedure called?
• Which term best describes memory that is fast and directly accessible by the CPU for active tasks?
• Which term describes the classification that includes Integer and Real as examples?
• Which function is used to calculate the total amount of a numeric column across rows?
• Which term describes the act of ignoring unnecessary details to focus on the essential parts?
• What is the value that a function returns to its caller called?
• Which term describes a collection of elements of the same type that are accessed by a numeric index?
• Which term checks that a numeric value lies within specified min and max?
• Which term would you use to express a logic function using algebraic-like notation?
• Which term describes ready-made tools provided by a programming language?
• Which storage option stores data on remote servers accessible via the internet?
• Which statement best describes a format check?
• Which SQL clause would you use to specify the data source table?
• Which term is synonymous with 'wrong values used to test software errors'?
• Which action reads data from a file into memory?
• Which term describes simple text instructions like code but not real programming?
• Which address is assigned to a network interface to uniquely identify it on a local network?
• Which concept describes selections or loops inside each other?
• Which term describes adding up numbers?
• Which operation converts a string to all lowercase letters?
• Which term describes testing an algorithm by stepping through it manually?
• Which term describes the overall process that includes planning, building, testing, and maintaining a software product?
• Which term is described as 'brain of computer'?
• Which term refers to storing data for longer-term use?
• What is normal test data?
• Which term best describes a data type used to store textual data made of characters?
• Which term describes variables that can be accessed from anywhere in the program?
• What is the collection of commands that a processor understands called?
• Which concept represents the encoding of negative numbers in binary using a fixed number of bits?
• Which term refers to the results produced by a program?
• What error occurs when a number exceeds the storage capacity?
• What property of a text is measured by the count of characters?
• What term describes a system that stores organized data and supports querying?
• Which term is defined by the description 'count to spot errors'?
• Which term means a number with decimal points?
• Which term turns whole code into machine code before execution?
• What term is used to describe the operating speed of the CPU?
• Which term involves representing steps of an algorithm visually with boxes and arrows?
• Which device is used to display results produced by a computer?
• Which term describes repeating steps many times?
• Which term is used to get data from the user?
• Which term describes sending parts of data in different ways across a network?
• What does a double-entry check involve?
• Which term is a tool for writing code?
• What term describes how a program accesses a file (for reading or writing)?
• Which term best describes a group of characters like words?
• Which concept refers to code with clear and maintainable structure that is easy to modify?
• Which term is described by the description 'same key for lock and open'?
• Which term refers to the rules for writing code?
• Which description best describes a visual check?
• Which keyword would you use to sort results in descending order by a column named 'score'?
• Which term refers to a small part of data sent over a network?
• Which term means hiding details to focus on important parts?
• Which term describes the act of writing the actual instructions for a computer?
• Which is the process of determining the average value in a dataset called?
• Which category includes operators used to compare values (for example, equal to or greater than)?
• Which term describes reusable steps that return a value?
• Which term means the planning phase for building a software solution?
• What do you call a diagram showing how gates are connected to form a circuit?
• Which term describes prewritten routines provided by the programming language?
• What term best describes a step-by-step set of instructions to solve a problem?
• What operation converts all letters in text to uppercase?
• Which clause sorts the result set by one or more columns?
• Which term describes names used everywhere in a program?
• What fast memory located close to the CPU speeds up data access by storing frequently used data?
• Which device outputs true only when both inputs are true?
• Which term describes non-volatile storage such as disks used for long-term data storage?
• Which device is primarily used to input data into a computer?
• Which representation is commonly used to encode negative numbers in binary?
• Which operation would you use to read data from a file into the program's memory?
• Which concept emphasizes using descriptive names for variables to improve readability?
• Which statement best describes verification checks?
• Which term refers to the chart that lists data values as a program executes?
• Which term describes loops inside loops?
• Which term describes shrinking by removing details?
• Which command loads data from a file into memory?
• Which construct is used to run a group of steps as a subroutine?
• Which term describes the collection of characters a system can represent?
• Which term describes extracting a portion of text by selecting a start and end position?
• Which process involves finding and fixing errors in code?
• Which term refers to names used only inside a procedure?
• Which term is used for a representation that lists inputs and outputs, often used to analyze circuits?
• Which term describes shrinking without losing data?
• Which statement ends a function and returns control to the caller?
• Which loop repeats until the condition becomes true?
• Which SQL function would you use to count rows that satisfy a condition?
• Which device is designed to move or control a mechanism?
• Which term refers to stages like analysis, design, coding, and testing?
• Which term corresponds to a row of data in a database table?
• Which term refers to a named value passed into a function or procedure?
• Which term corresponds to values at the limits of input ranges?
• What does a double-entry check involve?
• In the paired material, which term is linked to the description 'brain of computer'?
• Which operation calculates the central tendency by adding values and dividing by how many values?
• Which component measures physical quantities such as temperature?
• What is test data used for?
• Which term describes the number of bits used for each colour in an image?
• Which term is a single letter or symbol?
• Which term describes a chart used to follow program steps by hand?
• Which hardware component enables a computer to connect to a network?
• Which term means fixed values that do not change?
• Which concept describes encoding negative numbers using a specific form of complement?
• What term refers to a formula that uses gates to express a logic function?
• What describes loops within loops?
• Which description best fits a language that is close to machine code and typically harder for humans to read?
• What is the term for invoking a subroutine that does not return a value?
• Which operation in boolean logic inverts a truth value?
• Which term describes a software environment used to write, run, and debug code?
• Which term describes checks after repeating a loop?
• Which term is described as 'send back to confirm'?
• Which of the following describes passing data into a function or procedure?
• Which identifier uniquely identifies a network interface at the hardware level?
• Which term means planning how to build a solution?
• Which term describes obtaining the smallest value in a collection?
• Which term is defined as 'coding data to hide it'?
• Which term describes the standard for representing text in digital form (e.g., ASCII)?
• Which part of the CPU that can execute instructions independently is commonly called the core?
• Which term best describes non-volatile storage designed for permanent data retention on a computer?
• Which term describes a CPU implemented on a single integrated circuit?
• Which term describes values just inside or outside the specified limits?
• Which statement is used to end a subroutine and optionally return a value?
• In two-dimensional arrays, how are elements typically addressed?
• Which term refers to rules to ensure input data is correct?
• Which concept deals with true/false values and logical operations?
• Which gate inverts its input so that true becomes false and false becomes true?
• Which operation moves bits left or right in a binary number?
• Which describes a programming language that is easy for humans to read, such as Python?
• Which term describes the column that holds a dataset's descriptive attribute, like name or ID?
• Which term is a value picked by chance?
• Which term is used for a data value that is either true or false?
• Which concept focuses on handling and processing text data such as case changes or extracting parts?
• Which term describes selecting among alternatives based on a condition?
• Which term is described by 'sum to check data'?
• Which gate outputs true when the inputs differ?
• Which term is a number with decimal points?
• What term describes a computer designed to perform a single fixed function and is often used in devices?
• Which aggregate function returns the total of a numeric column?
• Which term best describes the structure that stores multiple tables and the relationships among them?
• Which term describes the process of reducing file size?
• Which SQL clause is used to retrieve data from a database?
• In a For loop, which component determines how many times the loop runs?
• Which function counts the number of rows in a result set?
• Which of the following is a computer designed to perform a single fixed function and is often integrated into appliances?
• Which term refers to the columns that define the data attributes in a database table?
• Which term means kinds like whole number or text?
• Which command prints results to the screen?
• Which term describes a data structure that holds items in a single linear sequence?
• Which clause can be used to specify a condition such as age greater than 18?
• Which term refers to how often sound is measured?
• Which memory stores data for fast access near the CPU?
• What is the purpose of a type check in data validation?
• Which term describes shrinking by removing details that degrade quality?
• What address identifies a device's location on an IP-based network?
• Which type of storage is typically used for long-term data retention on a computer?
• Which term is described by the description 'different keys for send and receive'?
• Which term describes a language designed to be easily read and written by humans for software development?
• Which term describes the number of bits used to represent each color in an image?
• Which part of the CPU is capable of executing instructions independently?
• Which gate is the opposite of OR?
• What does a length check validate in data entry?
• Which statement about the NOT gate is true?
• Which term describes repeating a set number of times?
• Which term means notes in code to explain?
• Which term describes bits per sound sample (bit depth)?
• Which statement about check digits is true?
• Which statement about check digits is true?
• Which term describes a loop that checks its condition after the block has executed?
• Which term is a whole number without fractions?
• Which term is described by the phrase 'ask again if error'?
• Which term means breaking a big problem into smaller parts?
• Which command saves data to a file?
• Which loop guarantees the loop body runs at least once before the condition is checked?
• Which SQL clause identifies the table to query?
• Which action ends access to a file and ensures its data is saved or flushed?
• Which term describes finding ways to fix issues using computers?
• Which term describes reusable groups of steps that do not return a value?
• Which term refers to a representation that lists input-output mappings for a circuit?
• Which storage solution stores data on remote servers accessible via the internet?
• Which term describes keeping track of how many items?
• Which device is used to input data into a computer?
• Which term refers to values at the limits?
• Which term makes a number with fewer decimals?
• Which sequence describes the basic instruction execution cycle of a CPU?
• Which term is described as 'number to verify entry'?
• What portion of a text refers to a contiguous sequence within a larger text?
• Which term relates to data going into a program?
• Which term is described by 'send back to confirm'?
• Which term refers to ensuring code adheres to proper syntax rules before execution?
• Which term is described by 'coding data to hide it'?
• Which term is used to describe the final results produced by a program?
• Which construct selects one path from many based on the value of an expression?
• In a database, what uniquely identifies each record?
• Which term is described by 'number to verify entry'?
• Which topic involves manipulating text, such as changing case, concatenation, or searching?
• Which command ends the use of an open file?
• Which term describes lists of items of the same type that are accessed by numbers?
• What operation converts all letters to lowercase?
• Which term covers saving data for later use?
• Which term describes obtaining the largest value in a collection?
• Which term refers to the logical connectors such as and, or, and not used in conditions?
• Which artifact is a visual representation of steps using shapes and arrows?
• Which term is used to round numbers to reduce decimals?
• Which term means looking at a problem to understand it?
• Which term describes data that a program reads to start processing?
• Which gate is the opposite of AND?
• Which term describes creating plans for solving problems with computer steps?
• How would you describe a visual check?
• What describes a chart listing all possible input combinations with their outputs for a circuit?
• Which action writes data from memory to a file?
• What are the basic building blocks for digital circuits called?
• Which operation converts a string to all uppercase letters?
• Which term describes repeating a block of code until a condition is met, with the condition checked after each iteration?
• Which description best fits a For loop?
• Which describes a programming language that is close to machine code and harder to read?
• What is the data structure that stores values in a grid of rows and columns called?
• Which device is typically responsible for routing packets between different networks?